ࡱ> ` bjbj 8W .V.V.V8fV\V`WWWWWeXeXeX_______$ahc `9eXeXeXeXeX `WWF`q\q\q\eXWW_q\eX_q\q\q\W~W V rK.VkYq\^4\`0`q\d)Zdq\q\&d\eXeXq\eXeXeXeXeX ` `\ReXeXeX`eXeXeXeX$26d6 The New Model for Air Traffic Control Demonstrator User Guide Introduction The purpose of the New Model for Air Traffic Control Single Sector Simulator (The Demonstrator) is to illustrate in a dynamic way a proposal for a means of introducing more automation safely into the world of tactical Air Traffic Control. This document therefore provides an outline of the workings of the demonstrator sufficient to run the two demonstration scenarios. No support is offered for the demonstrator and its use is at the discretion of the user. This guide should enable you to run and watch the two main demonstration scenarios. The various controls are described so that an interested user can change the settings and even have a go at controlling the traffic manually or semiautomatically. Steps Before using the demonstrator the reader should ideally be familiar with the New Model Concept of Operations as described on the website: www.sensus-dp.demon.co.uk/concept Check your system against the requirements given in Appendix A. Download the single Microsoft Excel workbook containing the demonstrator using the hyperlink provided. Start Excel and open the file. Note: The workbook will load into Excel if you simply click the link but the macros will not run. You MUST download the workbook by right clicking and selecting Save As. Familiarise yourself with the Display and the Controls as described below. The Quick Start Guide in Appendix B provides some useful tips. Start the Simulator Select a Scenario by Scenario Index Interact with the Simulation Control Form and the RT Advisory Form Either stop the simulator or wait until the scenario terminates. Close the workbook to exit the demonstrator entirely. The Display The display is illustrated on the website. Note the location and purpose of each of the elements on display. The ATC Simulation Button This button starts the main simulation macro and causes the three Excel forms to appear. The Situation Display The Situation Display shows the sector map (the outline of the simulated sector), various aircraft tracks and various notable reporting points. Each aircraft track is made up of the currently determined position, zero to four history dots and a leader line from the current position to the aircraft data label. The label indicates the aircraft callsign, the aircrafts current level (in hundreds of feet) and its destination. The destination is either a single letter sector identifier or a two letter airport identifier. The Separation Monitor Display The Separation Monitor (SM) Display is a graph at the left of the display. Its full dimensions represent 4000 feet vertically and 20 nautical miles horizontally. It shows at any time up to three aircraft pairs whose separations are less than the distances given. The inner box represents a separation of 1000 feet and 5 nautical miles. These are the separation minima used in the simulation and for the conflict resolution algorithm. The SM Display is not a controller tool and it is not necessary in an operational environment. It is not easily possible to derive situation information from this display. Its purpose is not to highlight conflicts but to demonstrate that separation has always been achieved. In Automatic Mode or Manual Mode where the user has been following the advisory information no aircraft pairs will appear at less than minimum separation. The Electronic Flight Data Display The Electronic Flight Data (EFD) display in the upper right hand corner has space for the flight details of up to 15 aircraft. The fields displayed represent the aircrafts callsign, the aircrafts cleared flight level, the clearance limit reporting point, the aircraft heading (true or magnetic) the aircraft type (always a Boeing 737-300), the aircrafts route and the aircrafts current navigation mode. A question mark (?) after an item indicates that the cleared level or reporting point are such that a loss of separation may occur. Advisories to correct this will also be displayed. A short flight data entry in yellow (giving the flights callsign, the expected entry time and the route) is used for pending flights. In the simulator these are not seen on the situation display until they become active when the Incomm instruction is issued. The order of the flight data entries cannot be controlled by the user. The Clock The clock showing the scenario time is in the top left hand corner. It format is: TIME HH:MM:SS. The Distance Scale A short scale marked at 5 nautical mile intervals is displayed in the centre near the bottom of the screen. The Simulation Control Form The Simulation Control Form can be moved (dragged) by the user. It is best placed in the lower left hand corner of the screen. The RT Advisory List Form The RT Advisory List Form only accepts user input in Manual Mode. In Automatic Mode the buttons are all clicked automatically by the simulator and the user can simply watch what is happening. The RT Advisory List Form can be moved (dragged) by the user. It is best placed in the lower right hand corner of the screen. The RT Advisory List consists of up to eight entries each representing an instruction to an aircraft. The time remaining before the instruction should be issued is given in seconds in the format SSS. Therefore a time value of 000 indicates an instruction that should be issued immediately; a value of 060 indicates an instruction due in one minute from now. The user indicates to the system that an instruction has been issued and acknowledged by the aircraft by clicking the Acknowledge (the green A) button. In the simulator this also drives the aircraft in the simulated airspace to carry out the instruction. The button goes dark to indicate the entry. Instructions can be issued early, if desired, by clicking the acknowledge button. Instructions can also be copied to the New or Modify Form by clicking the Modify (the orange M) button. The button goes dark to indicate the entry. After being copied advisories are not eligible for acknowledgement from RT Advisory List Form but they can still be entered without modification from the New or Modify Form. The task bar of the form is blank initially but indicates the state of the system during operation. The task bar may indicate Processing or (in Manual Mode) a series of vertical bars counting down to the end of each update cycle. Sometimes advisory instructions may be colour coded. A red advisory indicates an urgent instruction such as an impending or actual loss of separation. Red instructions usually occur in pairs and are analogous to airborne TCAS Resolution Advisories (RAs). Mauve advisories indicate that a loss of separation may occur unless the vertical clearance limit is reduced (the climb or descent must be stopped earlier) for the subject aircraft. Orange advisories indicate that a route correction is needed. The subject aircraft appears to be deviating from its route. In terms of the New Model Concept the aircraft is not achieving its goals. These colours have been arbitrarily chosen and do not represent recommendations for operational use. A copy of the advisory data is currently written directly to the situation display. This is for development use and can be ignored. The New or Modify (CLI) Form The New or Modify (CLI) Form can be moved (dragged) by the user. It is best placed in the centre near the bottom of the screen. The user can edit an advisory or enter any new instruction using the input box on this form. WARNING: It is not intended in the New Model Concept that such user entries are made as a matter of course. Therefore, this method of user input has not been well developed and almost no syntax checking of entries is carried out. The single sector demonstrator will stop if an illegal entry is made. Input to the form is also usually CASE SENSITIVE. This warning is repeated in the section describing the syntax. Simulation Control Form Buttons The Simulation Control Form has eight user interface buttons. Some of these buttons have a fixed label while others toggle their label between two values. For toggled functions the button indicates the functional state that will be selected if the button is clicked. The current functional state can be inferred to be the inverse. The function of each of these buttons (from left to right and top to bottom) is as follows: The Start Button (Labelled Start) The Start Button initiates the simulation of a new scenario. The user is asked to enter a Scenario Index to specify a scenario. The previous simulation must have been stopped and the graphics cleared before the Start Button will operate successfully. After the initialisation cycle (2-3 seconds) the simulation will enter the paused state. The Continue / Pause Button (Labelled Continue or Pause) Each scenario starts in the paused state. Time in the simulation is effectively frozen. The Continue Button will release the simulation from this state. The Stop Button (Labelled Stop) The Stop Button can be used at any time to terminate a running scenario. A confirmation box will appear to recover from inadvertent operation. The main simulation macro will be terminated and the forms will be unloaded. The last graphics picture is not cleared at this stage. The Clear Button (Labelled Clear) Any graphics remaining from a previous simulation scenario are cleared and the simulator is initialised for a new scenario. The Voice Synthesis Control Button (Labelled Voice or NoVoice) To better illustrate the New Model Concept for those unfamiliar with standard RT phraseology the controllers instructions can be voiced using Microsoft Text-ToSpeech (TTS) technology. This button toggles the voice synthesis on or off. When turned on three items are highlighted in green as each instruction is executed. These items are the RT Advisory Instruction, the Electronic Flight Data line for the associated aircraft and the aircraft track label. Voice synthesis can be selected even if TTS is not installed. In this case the green highlighting will be enabled for five seconds for each RT Advisory instruction. Voice synthesis and instruction highlighting are not essential parts of the realworld operational concept. However, it is interesting to consider the use of voice in an application of the New Model Concept in an area where the controllers first language is not English. The Control Mode Button (Labelled Manual or Auto) Operation of a scenario can be toggled between Automatic Mode and manual Mode using this button. By default, the simulation starts in Automatic Mode. Automatic Mode is not part of the realworld operational concept. The Voice Readback Button (Labelled RB or NoRB) To better illustrate the New Model Concept for those unfamiliar with standard RT phraseology the pilots response to the controllers instructions can also be voiced using Microsoft Text-ToSpeech technology. This button toggles the voice synthesis of the pilots readback on or off. Voice readback cannot be selected if TTS is not detected. Readback synthesis is not part of the realworld operational concept. The Step Button (Labelled Step) The Step Button can be used to advance the simulation through one computation cycle. It operates only in the paused state. Current Scenario Indices Only indices 84 and 114 currently provide meaningful scenarios. Scenario Index 84 : Busy Traffic This scenario shows busy traffic under normal circumstances. Use the control setting in the Quick Start Guide. Scenario Index 114 : Loss of Separation This scenario shows how the New Model handles a potential loss of separation. Use the control settings in Appendix C. Real Time or Fast Time The simulator runs in real time in Manual Mode or fast time in Automatic Mode. Real time and automatic mode cannot be selected. Command Syntax This section is provided to give some insight into the means of manually controlling a flight without reference to the RT Advisory list or of manually editing advisory instructions. RT instructions can be typed into the New or Edit Form or advisories can be copied across by clicking the M (Modify) button next to a given advisory. The instructions are executed by pressing enter or clicking the A (Accept) button. The Command Line Interface (CLI) has very little syntax checking. Mistakes will usually be fatal. For all commands any spaces must be single spaces. The input is usually case sensitive so DCT and Turn will work. Dct or TURN will not. It is hoped to remedy this deficiency as soon as possible. On Frequency CALLSIGN InComm No functionality is associated with the initial contact call in the single sector simulation. Direct To CALLSIGN DCT RPNAME Reporting point names are usually three or five upper case letters. Internal reporting points associated with SIDs (Standard Instrument Departure Routes) may have more letters and may also contain numbers. DCT is sometimes called Own Navigation by pilots and controllers. Climb CALLSIGN Clmb LLL The level must be two or three decimal digits. The last digit must be zero. Descend CALLSIGN Dsnd LLL Magnetic Heading CALLSIGN Turn R HHH The direction must be R (Right) or L (Left). The heading must be three digits (000 to 359 degrees magnetic). The demonstrator does not currently support any setting for magnetic variation. Magnetic Heading with Clearance Limit CALLSIGN Turn R HHH RPNAME This instruction is used in the single sector demonstrator for the outbound leg from the last RP of the sector. A turn instruction from the controller will put the aircraft on a radar heading. The reporting point name is implicit (and hidden) in system generated advisory instructions. Advisory headings are displayed to a resolution of one degree. The synthesised voice will round them to the nearest multiple of five degrees. See the note below on Navigation Modes. Hold CALLSIGN Hold At RPNAME A flight will need to hold if it is not at the Sector Exit Level (SEL) by the Sector Exit reporting point. This may be because it was not given a descent early enough or because other aircraft are ahead in the holding stack. This is a simple representation of a constraint on a flight. In a multisector implementation the Expected Approach Time (EAT) would be the basis of the constraint. The holding state is a navigation mode. Leave the Hold CALLSIGN Lve Hld HHH RPNAME The heading must be three digits (000 to 359 degrees magnetic). The outbound clearance limit is required. This is suppressed in the RT Advisory List. Call Next Sector CALLSIGN Call STATION FREQUENCY The Call instruction is used in the single sector demonstrator to allow the flight to be dropped from the display. The station and frequency are not significant. Advanced Command Line Interface Options The New Model Demonstrator supports user commands for track deviations due to weather and for differences between the simulated airspace and the simulated ground system such as might occur when an aircraft does not correctly obey its clearance. There are also instructions to modify some fields of the flight plan data. These options are not yet documented. Navigation Modes True and Magnetic Headings The Electronic Flight Data lines may show headings as either True (T) or Magnetic (M). This difference is used in the simulator to emphasise the difference between a flight on a direct route to a reporting point and a flight on a radar heading. Although a VOR is calibrated in degrees magnetic it is arguable whether a reporting point on map can be considered in the same way. The user interface can obviously be adjusted to use any convention in a real implementation. Headings on the display are to the nearest degree. If Text To Speech voice synthesis is turned on the spoken headings are rounded to the nearest five degrees. Any heading error of up to 2.5 degrees will not affect the validity of the advisories. Microsoft Excel Visual Basic for Applications Environment Macro Security Under security settings, macros must be enabled. From the Excel toolbar choose Tools > Options > Security and set Macro Security to Medium. Excel will ask when you open a workbook whether Macros should be enabled. To run the demonstrator you should say yes. Voice Synthesis Microsoft Text To Speech (TTS) software should be installed. From the Excel toolbar choose View > Toolbars > Text To Speech to confirm that this option is available. If it is not installed refer to the Microsoft help files for guidance. The settings are controlled by selecting Speech from the Windows Control Panel. You will need a connected audio system and Wave/MP3 output must not be muted. Check your sound and volume settings if there is no output. The demonstrator was developed using the Lernout and Hauspie Michelle voice. A setting of 70 per cent from slow to fast provides a pleasing interpretation. Only one voice can be selected at a time so the controllers voice and the pilots voice sound the same. Display Zoom The screen resolution of the development machine was 1280 x 1024 pixels. For optimum results the user should zoom the screen (from the toolbar choose View > Zoom > Custom) according to the following table of screen resolutions: Screen WidthScreen HeightZoom Percent10247688012808001001366768110144090011512801024100140010501101600120012519201200150 If desired, the User Forms can also be zoomed via the VBA interface. Using the Project Window select the Forms folder and then adjust the Zoom property in the Properties Window for UserForm2, UserForm3 and UserForm4. Use the same zoom percentage as for the workbook. It is more difficult to appreciate the demonstrator at any resolution below 1024 x 768. Workbook Calculation Although the demonstrator is hosted by Excel no use is made at run time of the workbook recalculation facility which can be turned off to improve performance and response time. From the Excel Toolbar choose Tools > Options > Calculation and set Calculation to Manual. Remember to reset this when you return to other work. Excel will remind you when a workbook needs to be recalculated by displaying a warning in the information bar. The demonstrator workbook never needs to be recalculated. Appendix A System Requirements The demonstrator was developed using a 1.7GHz PC with a Pentium 4 Processor and 128 MB of RAM. The software environment was Microsoft Windows"! XP and Microsoft Excel 2003. A similar or better machine will be necessary to ensure adequate results. A mouse must be installed. The demonstrator does not need to be installed and can be opened as an ordinary Excel Workbook. The demonstrator is contained within a single file. The demonstrator has been found to work on a 1.8GHz AMD Athlon XP 2200+ PC with 512MB RAM running Windows 98 and Excel 2000. Windows 2000 and Excel 2000 have also worked successfully. Excel 2002 or later is believed to be necessary to support Text-To-Speech. Appendix B Quick Start Guide To watch a demonstration without reading the rest of the User Guide, please follow the following steps: 1) Download and open the Demonstrator workbook with Excel. Enable Macros. 2) Maximize the application window. 3) If necessary, zoom and scroll the sector map display to resemble the screen illustration. 4) Locate and click the ATC Simulation button. Three forms are loaded. 5) Locate and drag the three forms to resemble the screen illustration. 6) Click the Clear button. Wait for the screen to clear. 7) Click the Start button. An Input Box should appear. 8) Enter 84 as the Scenario Index (Press Return or click OK). 9) Wait for the screen to refresh. Click the Auto button. 10) Click the Voice button. (See note below.) 11) Click the Continue button. 12) Watch the scenario as the system controls the sector. 13) This scenario will complete in approximately 25 minutes; click OK to end the macro. 14) Or, to stop the demonstration, click the Stop button and choose OK. 15) Close the workbook. Do NOT save the workbook. To stop Visual Basic (VB) if it does not respond press CTRL and BREAK together. Close the Visual Basic Editor. Use Alt+F11 to open the Visual Basic Editor from Excel. To control the traffic yourself do the following: 1) After step 11 above click the Manual button. 2) You now have to click the A next to each advisory when it becomes due (Time = 000). Note: If you click the voice button but you dont have Text To Speech installed you wont hear anything. You should still do this as it enables highlighting (in green) of each Advisory Instruction and the corresponding Electronic Flight Data line and Aircraft Surveillance Track Symbol. For more information please consult the full user guide. Appendix C Loss of Separation Scenario 1) Download and open the Demonstrator workbook with Excel. Enable Macros. 2) Maximize the application window. 3) If necessary, zoom and scroll the sector map display to resemble the screen illustration. 4) Locate and click the ATC Simulation button. Three forms are loaded. 5) Locate and drag the three forms to resemble the screen illustration. 6) Click the Clear button. Wait for the screen to clear. 7) Click the Start button. An Input Box should appear. 8) Enter 114 as the Scenario Index (Press Return or click OK). 9) Wait for the screen to refresh. 10) Click the Continue button. Do NOT click the Auto button. 11) Watch the scenario as no advisories are acknowledged but the system continues to offer advisory instructions to try and prevent the prevent loss of separation. 12) Once the aircraft have completely passed each other Click Auto. The aircraft will be turned and handed on out of the sector. 13) This scenario will complete in approximately 5 minutes; click OK to end the macro. 14) Or, to stop the demonstration, click the Stop button and choose OK. 15) Close the workbook. Do NOT save the workbook. Appendix D Code References The demonstrator is linked to the following references: Visual basic For Applications Microsoft Excel 11.0 Object Library OLE Automation Microsoft Forms 2.0 Object Library Microsoft Office 11.0 Object Library Microsoft DAO 3.6 Object Library  %=>?KLM`          , - 5 Q n p u 8 9 5˿㻷 h9Rh9R h~M5h~Mh~M5hE*Ph|h'h~h9Rh9Rh_55hh_5hS\h/hh\h~Mhy#hy#h q5hy#hy#5hh/h~M5CJaJh/h5CJaJ5>?LM        9 : $a$gd9R$a$gd#[$a$gd$a$gd_5$a$gdr BC67QROPs$a$gdE$a$gdr$a$gd_5567Q19%3BX  2Xpqr,OPjkڼ⸴楩ũ渴řh?"h?"6h?"hE6h:h<hc h[h[h7h[ h76hu4h?"h/h9Rh~M6 h/6h9Rhu46hEh9Rh9RhE6 h9Rh~M h9Rh9R8krst /:P Lsx{~x[\]$>[ !!(!!!!!"u"""####ǿǻǻǻ˻˻hhHhlihP_hhh`h2(h!hEh:h?"hu46hfohPQh?"hu4h?"hE6h9Rh?"6Cstmn}~wx\$a$gd?"$a$gdE$a$gdr\]  ! !####o$p$$$k%l% ' '*'+'v(w(((($a$gdcz$a$gdE$a$gdP_$a$gd?"#o$p$$$$j%k%l%s%&' ' ''"'*'+'C'i''w(((((((((((v))**J*K*L*g**** +(+0+?+@+A+V,f,g,w,x,y,,,,,-ļȼĴīīīīhUhU6hHhhI)h hU6hUhcz6h:hS|hczhUh hcz5hh5hh2( h2(h2(h?"h?"hE6hEh/;((K*L***+ +@+A+U,V,x,y,,,5-6-.///0000111$a$gdcz---"-(-.-3-5-6----V.v.../v/z//////0000000000111112223L3M33333333333142434C4J4ҹҹֽ갨޹ h{h5hh5 hS|5hUhS|6 hS|6hS|hvghU hcz6hHhI)hOjhBh`hhczhUhcz6 hU6hUh`6hUhU6;1111M3N333332434L4M444445 5H5I55555X6$a$gdbX$a$gdE$a$gdS|$a$gdczJ4K4L4444 5H555555Y6h6i6 88.9/909=9>9J9N99999999:::::::ÿyuqumuh hlg5hHhc=hgzhKhlgOJQJ^JhlgOJQJ^Jh~MhlgOJQJ^JhOJQJ^JhlghP_hlg6hS|hh~Mh- YhKhKhK5h`h`h`5hX6hbXhbX6hbXhhhcz5hh5&X6Y6h6i677 8 8/909=9>9N9O9999999::::::G;$a$gdlg$a$gdr$a$gdE:::::H;P;Q;c;d;u;v;;;I<o<p<<<<<M=r====7>_>a>f>g>>>>>>>?'?`?-@/@>@?@H@P@S@[@`@u@v@@@AA%A&AAAA̿ڸְְְְִֿ֢̿̿ hu4hu4hu4h- YOJQJ^JhL~hH hKh- YhKh- YOJQJ^Jhu4OJQJ^Jh- YhP_h- Y6hlghKhKOJQJ^JhKhP_hK6;G;H;P;Q;c;d;u;v;;;H<I<o<p<<<`>a>f>g>>>.@/@>@?@[@\@$a$gd- Y$a$gdr\@@@AA%A&AAAAA2C3CYCZCCC_E`EVFFFFFGGGG$a$gdr$a$gd- YAAAB1CYCZCjCCCCE^E_EVFWFFFFFFFFFGGGGGGGGGHH!H"H=HBHGHHHHI|I}IJJJŽ㭥㡝㙕㉕hrh{hhThVX|hNrJh?yhDhh Hhh?y6hhiQ6hhiQ5hh5 h5hhuh! hu5huh!5hiQhL~hhhlg5hh50G}I~IJJJJvKwKKKKKizkd$$IfTlF,''p'6    44 lalpT $$Ifa$gd /*$a$gd{h$a$gdr JJJJJJJJKK'K,K/K3K6KTTTTT,U-UfUgUUUUUV$0^`0a$gdy#$a$gdy#$a$gd~VVGVIVhViVVVVVEWFWxWyWWW!X"XTXUXXXXXYY7Z$a$gdE$a$gde$0^`0a$gdy#7Z8Z`ZaZZZZZ.[/[v[w[[[[[1\2\q\r\\\\\x]y]$a$gdbX$0^`0a$gdbX$a$gdr$a$gdE\\\\]/]D]H]\]w]x]y]{]]]]] ^,^S^U^^^^^^_____ޤ¾¾¾¾h{ jh{ Uh$ph Macro > Visual Basic Editor or press ALT+F11) and then choose Tools > References. 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